The rapid growth of global urbanization has created an urgent need for innovative urban management solutions. The concept of a "smart city" has emerged as a forward-thinking approach to addressing the complex challenges of urban life. A smart city is an urban area that uses data collection and technology to enhance sustainability and efficiency in city operations while improving the quality of life for its residents. Smart cities represent a new trend focused on leveraging digital technology to create better living conditions. In these cities, information and communication technology (ICT) is integrated with traditional infrastructure. They are envisioned as ideal urban environments in which various aspects of a city, including the economy, education, energy, environment, transportation, tourism, and governance, are managed effectively. The ultimate goal of a smart city is to enhance the quality of life for its residents. This paper examines the enabling technologies and foundational components that make up smart cities.