Abstract

Automation and robotics are transforming modern manufacturing by increasing efficiency, precision, and productivity. This paper explores the evolution of automation and robotics in the manufacturing industry, highlighting their benefits, challenges, and future prospects. It discusses the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and the Internet of Things (IoT) in manufacturing automation. The paper also examines challenges such as high initial costs, workforce displacement, cybersecurity threats, and technical limitations. The study concludes by outlining potential solutions and opportunities for sustainable and intelligent manufacturing.